Difference between revisions of "FreeNAS 9.3.x setup"

Latest revision as of 21:24, 17 April 2017

Before we start

• We used a virtualized setup in order to create this walkthrough, using generic domain & computer names where possible.
• We used the private IP address range of 10.1.1.x - obviously you'll want to replace our internal IP addresses with your own
  • We used a single Active Directory domain controller, to keep things simple. We then configured the following network settings, which is reflected throughout this document:
    • Gateway: 10.1.1.1
    • DNS: 10.1.1.2
    • NTP: 10.1.1.2
    • DC (Domain Controller): 10.1.1.2
    • FreeNAS: 10.1.1.3

• Where appropriate, we'll make a note of where additional server IP's can be entered, for redundancy

Getting started with FreeNAS

Initial connection

• When FreeNAS 9.3 is first installed, the network adapter is set to DHCP - we will change this a few steps down. We will be configuring FreeNAS purely from the webUI, so make a note of the IP on the FreeNAS server console:

File:FreeNAS 9.3 DHCP on first boot.png

• Use your favorite web browser to connect to that address - the first visit to the FreeNAS webUI will prompt you for a password, for the default user root

File:FreeNAS 9.3 first visit password prompt.png

Configuring networking

• Click on Network -> Global Configuration
  • Hostname: freenas (this needs to match the DNS "A" record & computer account name you created during the Active Directory prep)
  • Domain: mauiri.xxx
  • IPv4 Default Gateway: 10.1.1.1
  • Nameserver 1: 10.1.1.2
  • Click "Save"

File:FreeNAS 9.3 network settings - global configuration.png

• Click on Network -> Interfaces -> Add Interface
  • NIC: select the NIC being used by FreeNAS (single NIC systems only have 1 item in the dropdown list)
  • Interface Name: em0 (We named it the same as what FreeNAS names it, for consistency - you can name it whatever you like)
  • DHCP: unchecked
  • IPv4 Address: 10.1.1.3 (this needs to match the DNS "A" record you created during the Active Directory prep)
  • IPv4 Netmask: /24
  • Click "Save"
    • The new IP address takes effect immediately - repoint your browser to the new address to continue

File:FreeNAS 9.3 network settings - add interface.png

• Click on Network -> Network Summary to verify previous settings

File:FreeNAS 9.3 network settings - network summary.png

Configuring Time Server

• Click on System -> General -> NTP Servers
  • Remove all 3 default NTP servers
  • Click Add NTP Server
    • Address: 10.1.1.2
    • Prefer: checked (only if you have other time servers configured)
    • Leave everything else at its default setting

File:FreeNAS 9.3 Add NTP server.png

• Now that the time server is set, you need to set your time zone
• Click on System -> General -> Timezone
  • Timezone: (obviously select YOUR time zone)
  • Click "Save"

File:FreeNAS 9.3 System Settings Timezone.png

Creating a Storage Pool

• Your storage pool has to be created before you configure FreeNAS to use Active Directory, however that is beyond the scope of this how-to.
• The official FreeNAS wiki is an excellent resource on creating your storage pool.
• We also suggest giving cyberjocks excellent PowerPoint presentation explaining what VDev zpool, ZIL and L2ARC is.
  • After your pool is created, we suggest creating a dataset specifically for CIFS sharing.
  • Again, the official FreeNAS wiki is a good source of info on how to do this
    • When creating the dataset, you have to take into consideration how this particular dataset will be used.
      • Dataset Name: jobdata
      • Compression level: Inherit (lz4)
      • Share type: Windows
      • Case Sensitivity: Insensitive
      • Enable atime: Inherit (on) (you can turn this off for a small performance boost, but doing so will potentially break some backup programs)
      • ZFS Deduplication: Inherit (off)

Setting up Active Directory & CIFS

• Click on Directory Services -> Active Directory
  • Domain name: mauiri.xxx
  • Domain Account Name: freenasadmin
  • Domain Account Password: HorseBattery@2016 (don't actually use this, please)
  • Confirm Domain Account Password: HorseBattery@2016
  • Click Save, this may take awhile. After it's complete, move on to setting up CIFS

• Click on Services -> CIFS
• Leave everything at their default settings save for the following 2 items:
  • Workgroup: MAUIRI
  • Server Maximum Protocol: SMB3_00
• Click Services -> Control Services
  • Turn on the CIFS service if it hasn't already started

Creating your share using Windows permissions

• Click on Sharing -> Windows (CIFS) Shares -> Add Windows (CIFS) Share
  • Path: (browse to the path of the dataset created previously)
  • Use as home share: Unchecked
  • Name: JobData (this is the name you'll see when you connect via Windows Explorer)
  • Apply Default Permissions: Checked
  • Allow Gues Access: Unchecked
  • Click "OK"

Dataset File/Folder Permissions

• Now we need to change the default owner & group on the dataset created
• Click on Storage -> Volumes
  • Expand your volumes until you find the dataset created for file sharing
  • Click Change Permissions
    • Apply Owner (user): Checked
    • Owner (user): MAUIRI\administrator
    • Apply Owner (group): Checked
    • Owner (group): MAUIRI\domain users
    • Apply Mode: Checked
    • Mode: (unchangeable)
    • Permission Type: Windows
    • Set permission recursively: unchecked (unless you have files owned by a FreeNAS user stored in this dataset already)
    • Click "Change"

Verification

This was just copied and pasted from the FreeNAS 9.2.x walkthrough - while the paths may be different, the concept never changed.

• From a Windows client, open Windows Explorer, and type in \\freenas - if everything is set properly, you should see the CIFS share you created earlier.

• Enter into the shared directory, and as a simple test - create a folder. If you're allowed, then it worked!

• If you go into the FreeNAS shell, you can further verify permissions are using Active Directory style permissions